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SIMPLE TESTS FOR COMPLEX PROTECTION

 With the help of PH/acidity tests, we can find out what is the risk of caries in a patient, the level of acidity of the saliva and bacterial plaque being directly proportional to the caries risk (the more acidic the ph, the more likely the appearance of new cavities due to enamel demineralization).

What is the procedure? 

The test involves collecting a small amount of saliva and plaque with a spatula, it's quick and completely painless!

Who is the karyoreceptivity test indicated for?

A carioreceptive patient is a person predisposed to carious pathology, presenting multiple foci of demineralization of the hard dental tissues (chalky white spots without luster) as well as multiple acute carious processes.

What are the factors that influence the level of karyoreceptivity?

In determining individual karyoreceptivity, it is of particular importance

• salivary pH

A basic salivary pH opposes the acids produced by cariogenic species, protecting the enamel and preventing cavities. On the contrary, an acidic saliva tends to raise the risk of carious pathology.

• The amount of saliva

In saliva, in addition to bicarbonates that have the role of buffering acidity, there are also substances, such as lysozyme, with antibacterial action. So, it is important that the salivary glands produce as much saliva as possible to reduce the risk of tooth decay.

• saliva concentration of cariogenic bacteria (lactobacilli and mutans streptococci)

• eating habits

therefore, if the diet is rich in sugars and poor oral hygiene, the saliva will be rich in cariogenic bacteria and acidic for their activity.

• oral hygiene of the individual

A high level of carioreceptivity requires paying special attention to oral hygiene at home, limiting as much as possible the consumption of cariogenic foods and, possibly, performing - under the supervision of the dentist - a fluoroprotective treatment.

Also within the DAVINCI dental clinic, it is possible to detect, with the help of a special Micro IDENT test that can identify the nature of the bacteria existing in the oral cavity of each patient, whether or not he is a candidate for periodontal disease. Given that periodontal disease often presents itself without obvious signs in its early stages.

 What is the procedure?

The test, not painful, consisted of taking samples from each quadrant of the oral cavity and sending it to a specialized analysis laboratory. The test result will be interpreted by a periodontist, the patient having to follow the recommended treatment options.

What is Periodontitis?

Periodontitis or periodontal disease, popularly known as the disease of "healthy teeth", represents the inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth (periodontitis) and is an irreversible injury, which over time leads to the loss of teeth from the dental arches. Periodontitis is the evolutionary phase and/or complication of gingivitis.

What factors cause Periodontitis?

Along with the patient's individual genetic predisposition, which has a major influence on the severity of the clinical picture, there are germs associated with periodontitis that generate the inflammatory process. The growth of these anaerobic or facultatively aerobic pathogens is favored by anaerobiosis in the periodontal space.

The most commonly involved bacteria are: 

• Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
• Porphyromonas gingivalis
• Prevotella intermedia  
• Bacteroides forsythus (Tannerella forsythensis)  
• Treponema denticola 
• Peptostreptococcus micros 
• Fusobacterium nucleatum  
• Eikenella corrodens 
• Campylobacter rectus
•  Eubacterium nodatum 
• Capnocytophaga spp

In most cases, the mentioned bacteria are transmitted through saliva to members of a family. The intrafamilial spread of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis could justify the application of the treatment of the whole family, in order to prevent reinfection with periodontal pathogens

How do we prevent and treat Periodontitis? Why are dental treatments not enough in some cases?

The mechanical removal of the dental biofilm and the elimination of local irritating factors are the basis of the initial periodontal therapies.

However, this therapeutic protocol has its limits. Not all patients or all dental regions respond favorably and uniformly to conventional mechanical therapy.

The reduced efficacy of the therapy can be explained by a number of factors (local or general) related to the host, the form of the disease and the composition of the biofilm.

Also, pathogens are not only located in dental plaque but also on the dorsal surface of the tongue or other areas of the oral mucosa. In order to prevent reinfection of the treated regions, the therapy must affect all pathogens in the oropharyngeal cavity2.

Considering the infectious nature of periodontitis and the limits of mechanical therapy, the use of antibiotics is justified in certain forms of the disease

When is antibiotic treatment indicated in periodontitis?

  The decision to opt for a local or systemic antibiotic treatment will be taken by the dentist after the correct evaluation of the benefits (treatment of patients with periodontitis refractory to conventional treatment) vs. adverse reactions (risk of developing resistant bacterial species or fungal infections)

  Antibiotics can be administered locally or systemically. Although local treatment eliminates the risk of systemic adverse reactions, there is the disadvantage that the reservoirs of pathogens are not completely eliminated and recolonization of the treated areas can occur.

  Systemically administered antibiotics penetrate the periodontal pocket and attack bacteria that are not affected by mechanical treatment and local antibiotic therapy. In addition, they can also suppress pathogenic organisms located on the tongue and in other areas of the oral cavity, ensuring the eradication of infections and the prevention of recurrences.

  In order to apply targeted antibiotic therapy and avoid the prescription of ineffective drugs, certain categories of patients can benefit from tests to identify pathogenic bacteria.

 What is the micro-IDENT Test and what are the indications?

 The micro-IDent tests carried out at DAVINCI dental clinic are based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and show a high specificity for identifying periodontopathogenic bacteria and establishing their relative quantity.

  The tests are also more sensitive than bacterial culture because they identify germs by DNA, regardless of their viability (anaerobic bacteria often resist very little during transport to the laboratory and cultures can give false negative results for periodontal pathogens).

  The micro-IDent A test makes it possible to determine the five important periodontogenic markers: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus and Treponema denticola). In some cases of periodontitis, the diagnostic spectrum can be broadened by determining 6 other germs: Peptostreptococcus micros, Fusobacterium nucleatum/periodonticum, Eikenella corrodens, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum and Capnocytophaga spp (micro-IDent B test).

In conclusion, micro-IDent tests are useful for:

• identification of risk areas and early recognition of relapses
• choosing the appropriate antibiotic and documenting therapeutic success 
• assessment of the risk of failed implant before treatment

The doctors at DAVINCI dental clinic remind you that many dental diseases evolve asymptomatically for a long time (without pain or other visible signs). For this reason, periodic dental check-ups (at least 2 times a year) are extremely important for the early detection of these conditions (eg gingivitis, marginal periodontitis, small caries). We have the widest spectrum of dental services and an honest and professional medical team.

Call NOW 022011050 and make an appointment with the periodontist dentist.